Title IX & Sexual Harassment

State of California
EDUCATION CODE
Section  230 – Definition of Discrimination and Harassment Based on Sex

For purposes of this chapter, harassment and other discrimination on the basis of sex include, but are not limited to, the following practices:

• On the basis of sex, exclusion of a person or persons from participation in, denial of the benefits of, or subjection to harassment or other discrimination in, any academic, extracurricular, research, occupational training, or other program or activity.
• On the basis of sex, provision of different amounts or types of student financial aid, limitation of eligibility for student financial aid, or the application of different criteria to applicants for student financial aid or for participation in the provision of student financial aid by others. Nothing in this subdivision shall be construed to prohibit an educational institution from administering, or assisting in the administration of, scholarships, fellowships, or other forms of student financial aid, established pursuant to domestic or foreign wills, bequests, trusts, or similar legal instruments or by acts of a foreign government, which require that awards be made to members of a particular sex; provided, that the overall effect of the award of these sex-restricted scholarships, fellowships, and other forms of student financial aid does not discriminate on the basis of sex.
• On the basis of sex, exclusion from participation in, or denial of equivalent opportunity in, athletic programs. For purposes of this subdivision, “equivalent” means equal or equal in effect.
• An educational institution may be found to have effectively accommodated the interests and abilities in athletics of both sexes within the meaning of Section 4922 of Title 5 of the California Code of Regulations as that section exists on January 1, 2003, using any one of the following tests:

1. Whether interscholastic level participation opportunities for male and female pupils are provided in numbers substantially proportionate to their respective enrollments.
2. Where the members of one sex have been and are underrepresented among interscholastic athletes, whether the school district can show a history and continuing practice of program expansion that is demonstrably responsive to the developing interest and abilities of the members of that sex.
3. Where the members of one sex are underrepresented among interscholastic athletes, and the institution cannot show a history and continuing practice of program expansion as required in paragraph (2), whether the school district can demonstrate that the interest and abilities of the members of that sex have been fully and effectively accommodated by the present program.

• If an educational institution must cut its athletic budget, the educational institution shall do so consistently with its legal obligation to comply with both state and federal gender equity laws.
• It is the intent of the Legislature that the three-part test articulated in subdivision (d) be interpreted as it has been in the policies and regulations of the Office of Civil Rights in effect on January 1, 2003.
• On the basis of sex, harassment or other discrimination among persons, including, but not limited to, students and nonstudents, or academic and nonacademic personnel, in employment and the conditions thereof, except as it relates to a bona fide occupational qualification.
• On the basis of sex, the application of any rule concerning the actual or potential parental, family, or marital status of a person, or the exclusion of any person from any program or activity or employment because of pregnancy or related conditions.

(Amended by Stats. 2003, Ch. 660, Sec. 1.  Effective January 1, 2004.)

State of California
EDUCATION CODE
Section  221.8

The following list of rights, which are based on the relevant provisions of the federal regulations implementing Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1681 et seq.), may be used by the department for purposes of Section 221.6:

• You have the right to fair and equitable treatment and you shall not be discriminated against based on your sex.
• You have the right to be provided with an equitable opportunity to participate in all academic extracurricular activities, including athletics.
• You have the right to inquire of the athletic director of your school as to the athletic opportunities offered by the school.
• You have the right to apply for athletic scholarships.
• You have the right to receive equitable treatment and benefits in the provision of all of the following:

1. Equipment and supplies.
2. Scheduling of games and practices.
3. Transportation and daily allowances.
4. Access to tutoring.
5. Coaching.
6. Locker rooms.
7. Practice and competitive facilities.
8. Medical and training facilities and services.
9. Publicity.

• You have the right to have access to a gender equity coordinator to answer questions regarding gender equity laws.
• You have the right to contact the State Department of Education and the California Interscholastic Federation to access information on gender equity laws.
• You have the right to file a confidential discrimination complaint with the United States Office of Civil Rights or the State Department of Education if you believe you have been discriminated against or if you believe you have received unequal treatment on the basis of your sex.
• You have the right to pursue civil remedies if you have been discriminated against.
• You have the right to be protected against retaliation if you file a discrimination complaint.

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 protects people from discrimination based on sex in education programs and activities that receive federal assistance. The Title IX regulation describes the conduct that violates Title IX. Examples of the types of discrimination that are covered under title IX include sexual harassment, the failure to provide equal opportunity in athletics, and discrimination based on pregnancy. To enforce Title IX, the US Department of Education maintains an Office for Civil Rights, with headquarters in Washington, DC and 23 offices across the United States. Source: US Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights. (2015). Title IX and Sex Discrimination

In accordance to California Education Code 221.6, public schools that receive funds and are subject to the requirements of Title IX, shall post in a prominent and conspicuous location on their Internet websites all of the following:

The rights of a pupil and the public and the responsibilities of the school district under Title IX, which shall include, but shall not be limited to, Internet Web links to information about those rights and responsibilities located on the Internet Web sites of the department’s Office for Equal Opportunity and the United States Department of Education Office of Civil Rights, and the list of rights specified in Section 221.8.

1. US Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights
2. Office of US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
3. An overview of the Uniform Complaint Procedures may be found in the Gilroy Unified School District Board Policies, BP 1312.3 – Community Relations: Uniform Complaint Procedures. A description of how to file a complaint under Title IX, may be found under AR 1312.2 – Community Relations: Uniform Complaint Procedures and AR 5145.71 – Title IX Procedures. 
   
   Further information may be found through the United States Department of Education Office for Civil Rights (click here). 

Education Code section 221.8 provides as follows:

The following list of rights, which are based on the relevant provisions of the federal regulations implementing Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1681 et seq.), may be used by the department for purposes of Section 221.6:

a. You have the right to fair and equitable treatment and you shall not be discriminated against based on your sex.

b. You have the right to be provided with an equitable opportunity to participate in all academic extracurricular activities, including athletics.

c. You have the right to inquire of the athletic director of your school as to the athletic opportunities offered by the school.

d. You have the right to apply for athletic scholarships.

e. You have the right to receive equitable treatment and benefits in the provision of all of the following:

• Equipment and supplies.
• Scheduling of games and practices.
• Transportation and daily allowances.
• Access to tutoring.
• Coaching.
• Locker rooms.
• Practice and competitive facilities.
• Medical and training facilities and services.
• Publicity.

f. You have the right to have access to a gender equity coordinator to answer questions regarding gender equity laws.

g. You have the right to contact the State Department of Education and the California Interscholastic Federation to access information on gender equity laws.

h. You have the right to file a confidential discrimination complaint with the United States Office of Civil Rights or the State Department of Education if you believe you have been discriminated against or if you believe you have received unequal treatment on the basis of your sex.

i. You have the right to pursue civil remedies if you have been discriminated against.

j. You have the right to be protected against retaliation if you file a discrimination complaint.